2018年7月9日 星期一

The Chocolate Hills of Bohol 巨人級甜點 菲律賓巧克力山


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The Chocolate Hills of Bohol  巨人級甜點 菲律賓巧克力山
by William Ryan

The Philippines' Chocolate Hills are a one-of-a-kind destination. Just don't expect any chocolate.
菲律賓的巧克力山是獨一無二的景點。只是別指望有巧克力可以品嚐。

    

  The Philippines offers a vast treasure trove of tourist delights, and among them are the Chocolate Hills on the island of Bohol. It's a unique landscape, consisting of between 1,200 and 1,700 cone-shaped hills. Averaging just 30 to 50 meters high, they are scattered within a 50-square-kilometer area. During the dry season, their surreal beauty is enhanced when the hills change color from green to brown, making them look like giant mounds of chocolate. No trees or clumps of vegetation grow on them, and the rice and corn farming in the surrounding land provides a beautiful green backdrop.
  The highly popular attraction gives a significant
boost to tourism on the island and serves as a geological curiosity. In a culture fond of legend and myth, there are competing explanations of how the Chocolate Hills came to be. One legend claims the landscape was created by giant children pretending to bake cakes from mud and sand in the heat of the sun, molding them in giant, half-coconut shells. More romantic audiences prefer the legend of the young, handsome giant, Arogo. He fell in love with a mortal, and upon her death, Arogo's giant teardrops formed the Chocolate Hills.
  Most geologists believe the Chocolate Hills resulted from
marine limestone sustaining thousands of years of weathering. Other possible theories include the uplifting of coral deposits from below the Earth's surface. Some experts argue that the cone-shaped hills were produced by sea eruptions in a massive geological shift coupled with rain and erosion over the past thousand years. No matter how they got there, the Chocolate Hills in Bohol are a fascinating and unique addition to the scenery.
-------------------------------------------------
1. Where would this reading most likely appear?
(A) On a website promoting Philippine tourism.
(B) In a journal of tropical diseases.
(C) In a high school chemistry textbook.
(D) On a research paper about climate change.
-------------------------------------------------
2. How many Chocolate Hills exist in Bohol?
(A) Fewer than 50.
(B) Between 1,200 and 1,700.
(C) Fewer than 1,200.
(D) Between 100 and 500.
-------------------------------------------------
3. Which of the following features is shared by all of the legends about the origin of the Chocolate Hills of Bohol described in the reading?
(A) Family and children.
(B) Competing rivalry.
(C) Romantic love played a role.
(D) Giants
participated in their formation.
-------------------------------------------------
4. Which of the following is true regarding the geological theories behind the origin of the Chocolate Hills of Bohol?
(A) One of them includes human construction.
(B) New theories continue to
emerge14.
(C) Most experts agree on how they were formed.
(D) Only two theories emerged as the most likely to be true.

 

a treasure trove  寶庫
surreal a. 超現實的
mound n. 土堆
clump n. 塊狀物
vegetation n. 植物,草木(總稱)
backdrop n. 背景
geological a. 地質的
: geology n. 地質學
limestone n. 石灰岩
uplift vt. 抬升,使升高(本文為動名詞用法)
deposit n. 沉積物/層

1. consist of...  由……所組成
: be composed of...
= be made up of...
The audience consisted of people of all ages.
這些觀眾包含各個年齡層的人。

2. be fond of...  喜歡……
My father is not only fond of cooking, but he's also good at it.
我爸爸不只喜歡烹飪,還煮得一手好菜。

3. come to be  存在/產生/開始(多用過去式)
I struck up a conversation with Vicky at a friend's party, and that's how our relationship came to be.
我在朋友的派對上跟薇琪攀談,我們就是這樣開始交往的。
*strike up a conversation with sb  與某人打開話匣子/開啟一個話題

4. pretend to V  假裝(做)……
: pretend + that 子句  假裝……
When I passed by, Larry pretended not to see me.
當我經過時,賴瑞假裝沒看到我。
Lisa broke up with David, but he still pretends that nothing happened.
麗莎和大衛分手了,但他仍裝作沒事發生一樣。

5. be coupled with...  伴隨著……
These drugs coupled with lots of rest will help ease your symptoms.
服用這些藥加上大量的休息能夠減緩你的症狀。
*symptom n. 症狀

6. participate in...  參加/參與……
: partake in...
= take part in...
Did you participate in the community event yesterday?
你有參加昨天的社區活動嗎?

1. vast a. 大量的,巨大的
Google's servers are capable of holding vast amounts of information.
谷歌的伺服器能夠承載大量的資訊。

2. scatter vt. 散布
That woman scattered the bread crumbs around for the pigeons to eat.
那名婦人在她四周灑麵包屑給鴿子吃。
*crumb n. 麵包屑

3. enhance vt. 增加;提高
The candles enhanced the romantic mood of the evening.
蠟燭增添了當晚的浪漫氣氛。

4. boost n. 推動,促進 & vt. 增加,提升
: boost sb's confidence / morale  提升某人的信心/士氣
The struggling economy needs a boost from the government.
低迷的經濟需要政府的提振。
Beating thousands of competitors and getting this job boosted Loren's confidence a lot.
打敗上千名對手爭取到這份工作讓蘿倫的自信大增。

5. mold vt. 使成形;形塑,塑造
: mold A into B  把 A 塑造成 B
It requires some skills to mold clay into a pot.
要把黏土捏成陶罐需要一些技巧。

6. mortal n. 凡人

7. marine a. 海的,海洋的

8. sustain vt. 遭受;維持
A fire needs oxygen in order to sustain itself.
火需要氧氣來維持燃燒。
*oxygen n. 氧氣

9. weathering n. 風化(作用)
: weather vi. 風化
Over the years, the side of the mountain has weathered a lot.
多年來,山的這一頭已經被風化了不少。

10. eruption n. 噴發;爆發
: erupt vi. 噴出;爆發

11. massive a. 大規模的;巨大的
This road was blocked by a massive tree that had fallen.
這條路被一棵倒下來的巨大樹木給堵住了。

12. erosion n. 侵蝕
: corrosion n. 腐蝕

13. emerge vi. 出現;浮現(常與介詞 from 並用)
: submerge vi. 潛入水中 & vt. 淹沒
Paul emerged from the cave holding a flashlight.
保羅手持手電筒從山洞裡冒出來。
That submarine submerged when an enemy destroyer was spotted.
那艘潛水艇發現敵方一艘驅逐艦時,便潛入水中。
*submarine n. 潛水艇
destroyer n. 驅逐艦

 

巨人級甜點 菲律賓巧克力山
菲律賓的巧克力山是獨一無二的景點。只是別指望有巧克力可以品嚐。

  

  菲律賓提供了極其豐富的旅遊景點,其中包括保和島上的巧克力山。它是一個獨特的景觀,由一千兩百至一千七百座錐形山丘組成。山丘的平均高度僅三十至五十公尺高,零星散布於五十平方公里範圍內。旱季期間,當山丘從綠色轉變成土褐色時,更增加了其夢幻般的美感,使它們看起來像是巨大的巧克力堆。沒有樹木或叢生植物在上面生長,而種植在周圍的稻米和玉米提供了一幅美麗的綠色背景。
  這個廣受歡迎的景點對該島的觀光業有很大的助益,而且是地質學上的瑰寶。在一個愛好傳說與神話的文化中,對於巧克力山是如何形成有著分歧的解釋。一個傳說聲稱,這個景觀是由巨人小孩所創造的,他們假裝用泥土和沙子做蛋糕、將它們放進巨大的半椰子殼中塑形並在太陽高溫下烘烤。比較浪漫的觀眾偏愛年輕俊俏的巨人阿拉貢的傳說。阿拉貢愛上了一個凡人,在她過世的時候,他巨大的淚珠形成了巧克力山。
  大多數地質學家都相信巧克力山是由遭受風化數千年的海洋石灰岩所形成。其他可能的理論包括地球表面下珊瑚沉積物的抬升。一些專家主張,圓錐形山丘是在過去幾千年來,在一次伴隨著雨水和侵蝕的大規模地質移動中由海面噴發所產生的。無論保和島的巧克力山是如何形成的,它們都為那邊的景色增添了迷人且獨特的風味。
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1. 這篇文章最可能出現在哪裡?
(A) 在一個推廣菲律賓旅遊的網站上。
(B) 在關於熱帶地區疾病的期刊中。
(C) 在高中的化學教科書中。
(D) 在一篇關於氣候變遷的研究報告中。
題解:本文指出菲律賓提供了極其豐富的旅遊景點,並特別介紹保和島上的巧克力山,故 (A) 項應為正選。
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2. 保和島上有多少座巧克力山丘?
(A) 不到五十座。
(B) 一千兩百至一千七百座之間。
(C) 不到一千兩百座。
(D) 一百至五百座之間。
題解:根據本文第一段,巧克力山是一個獨特的景觀,由一千兩百至一千七百座錐形山丘組成,故 (B) 項應為正選。
-------------------------------------------
3. 根據本文敘述,以下哪一項關於保和島巧克力山起源的特色是所有傳說共有的?
(A) 家庭和孩子。
(B) 競爭。
(C) 浪漫的愛情占有一席之地。
(D) 巨人參與了它們的形成。
題解:根據本文第二段,對於巧克力山是如何形成有著分歧的解釋。一個傳說聲稱,這個景觀是由巨人小孩所創造的。比較浪漫的觀眾偏愛年輕俊俏的巨人阿拉貢的傳說,故 (D) 項應為正選。
-------------------------------------------
4. 關於保和島巧克力山起源背後的地質理論,下列哪一項是正確的?
(A) 其中一項包括人類的建造。
(B) 新理論持續出現。
(C) 大多數的專家對它們是如何形成的意見一致。
(D) 只有兩種理論最可能是真的。
題解:根據本文最後一段,大多數地質學家都相信巧克力山是由遭受風化數千年的海洋石灰岩所形成,故 (C) 項應為正選。
答案:1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C

 
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