2020年10月29日 星期四

How a Medusa Sculpture From a Decade Ago Became #MeToo Art 神話翻轉 梅杜莎變MeToo女神


【柿子文化心靈養生報】提供健康、飲食、旅遊等各種人生體驗,讓你照顧自己的身體,也疼愛自己的心! 如果你是美食主義的信奉者,喜歡動手打理家中事物,並堅信生活值得用心去經營,歡迎加入【生活高手】行列!
★ 無法正常瀏覽內容,請按這裡線上閱讀
新聞  健康  u值媒  udn部落格  
讀紐時學英文
2020/10/30 第320期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份
 
 
紐時周報精選 How a Medusa Sculpture From a Decade Ago Became #MeToo Art 神話翻轉 梅杜莎變MeToo女神
On Facebook, Misinformation Is More Popular Now Than in 2016 美國人按讚假新聞 4年變3倍
紐時周報精選
 
How a Medusa Sculpture From a Decade Ago Became #MeToo Art 神話翻轉 梅杜莎變MeToo女神
文/Julia Jacobs
譯/莊蕙嘉、核稿/樂慧生

神話翻轉 梅杜莎變MeToo女神

When artist Luciano Garbati made his sculpture of Medusa holding Perseus' severed head — an inversion of the centuries-old myth — feminism was not what he had in mind.

藝術家魯奇亞諾.賈巴第製作的雕塑,梅杜莎拿著珀修斯被砍下的頭,反轉了數個世紀以來的神話,創作當時他並沒有想到女性主義。

He wasn't thinking of the #MeToo movement either: Garbati had created the work in 2008, nearly a decade before the movement went mainstream.

他也沒有想過「我也是受害者」(#MeToo)運動,賈巴第於2008年創作這件作品,比這個運動打入主流早了快10年。

Garbati, an Argentine artist with Italian roots, was inspired by a 16th-century bronze: Benvenuto Cellini's "Perseus With the Head of Medusa." In that work, a nude Perseus holds up Medusa's head by her snaky mane. Garbati conceived of a sculpture that could reverse that story, imagining it from Medusa's perspective and revealing the woman behind the monster.

賈巴第是義大利裔阿根廷藝術家,創作靈感來自一座16世紀的銅像:班維努托•切里尼的「拿著梅杜莎頭的珀修斯」。作品中,赤裸的珀修斯抓著梅杜莎的蛇髮,高舉她的首級。賈巴第發想一座反轉這個故事的雕塑,從梅杜莎的角度來想像,展現這個怪獸的女性形象。

On October 13th, Garbati's sculpture — "Medusa With the Head of Perseus" — was reimagined as a symbol of triumph for victims of sexual assault, when it was unveiled in lower Manhattan, just across the street from the criminal courthouse on Centre Street.

10月13日,賈巴第的雕塑「拿著珀修斯首級的梅杜莎」於下曼哈頓區揭幕,在中央街的刑事法院對面,重塑為性侵受害者勝利的象徵。

A news release advertised the statue as an "icon of justice," noting that the towering, nearly 7-foot-tall Medusa stood across from the building where men accused of sexual assault during the #MeToo movement were prosecuted, including Harvey Weinstein, who had been convicted of two felony sex crimes there in February.

新聞稿將這座雕像宣傳為「正義的象徵」,特別提到這尊高聳的、近七呎高的梅杜莎矗立於法院建築對街,而該法院即是MeToo運動期間被控性侵的男性受審之處,包括哈維•溫斯坦,他於今年二月被定以兩項性刑事重罪。

Standing in the center of Collect Pond Park, Medusa — her gaze low and intense — holds a sword in her left hand and Perseus' head in her right. The head was designed after the artist himself — a convenient model.

梅杜莎站在活水公園的中央,眼神專注地向下望去,左手握著一把劍,右手提著珀修斯的頭顱。這頭顱按照藝術家自己的頭來設計,不假外求。

In his application to the city's Art in the Parks program, which reviews proposals for public art installations like this one, Garbati noted that Medusa had been raped by Poseidon in the Temple of Athena, according to the myth. As punishment, Athena turned her wrath on Medusa, transforming her hair into snakes. The application stated that the story had "communicated to women for millennia that if they are raped, it is their fault."

紐約市的「公園藝術計畫」負責審查像這樣的公共裝置藝術企畫案,賈巴第在遞出的申請書中說,根據神話,梅杜莎在雅典娜神殿中被波塞頓性侵。雅典娜把怒氣出在梅杜莎身上,將她的頭髮變成蛇作為懲罰。申請書中指出,這個故事「幾千年來告訴女性,如果她們遭受性侵,那是她們的錯」。

At the unveiling in the park, where the statue will stand until the end of April, Garbati talked about the thousands of women who had written to him about the sculpture. Many saw the image as cathartic, he said.

這座雕像將在公園內展示到明年四月底。賈巴第在揭幕過程中提到,有數千名女性因為這座雕像而寫信給他,他說,許多人認為這個形象讓她們的情緒獲得宣洩。

 
On Facebook, Misinformation Is More Popular Now Than in 2016 美國人按讚假新聞 4年變3倍
文/Davey Alba
譯/莊蕙嘉、核稿/樂慧生

美國人按讚假新聞 4年變3倍

During the 2016 presidential election, Russian operatives used Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and other social media platforms to spread disinformation to divide the American electorate. Since then, the social media companies have spent billions of dollars and hired tens of thousands of people to help clean up their act.

2016年總統大選期間,俄國特務利用臉書、Instagram、推特和其他社群媒體平台,散播假訊息以分化美國選民。自此之後,社群媒體公司已花費數十億美元,雇用數萬人以協助清除此類行為。

But have the platforms really become more sophisticated at handling misinformation?Not necessarily.

但是,這些平台在處理不實訊息上真的變得更為老練了嗎?不盡然。

People are engaging more on Facebook today with news outlets that routinely publish misinformation than they did before the 2016 election, according to new research from the German Marshall Fund Digital, the digital arm of the public policy think tank. The organization , which has a data partnership with the startup NewsGuard and social media analytics firm NewsWhip, published its findingspublished its findings earlier this month.

根據(美國)公共政策智庫「德國馬歇爾基金會」的數位部門「德國馬歇爾基金數位」的新研究,比起2016年大選之前,民眾今日在臉書上更常接觸慣常發布錯誤訊息的新聞網站。這個組織和新創企業NewsGuard及社群媒體分析公司NewsWhip是數據資料合作夥伴,本月稍早發表了前述結果。

In total, Facebook likes, comments and shares of articles from news outlets that regularly publish falsehoods and misleading content roughly tripled from the third quarter of 2016 to the third quarter of 2020, the group found.

該組織發現,整體而言,慣常發布錯誤與誤導性內容的新聞網站所發布的信息,在臉書上獲得的讚、留言和分享數,自2016年第三季至2020年第三季約增為三倍。

About two-thirds of those likes and comments were of articles published by 10 outlets, which the researchers categorized as "false content producers" or "manipulators." Those news outlets included Palmer Report and The Federalist, according to the research.

這些讚和留言約三分之二是針對來自10個新聞網站的報導,研究人員把這些媒體歸類為「不實內容製造者」或「操縱者」。根據前述研究,這些媒體包括帕爾默報告和聯邦主義者。

The group used ratings from NewsGuard, which ranks news sites based on how they uphold nine journalistic principles, to sort them into "false content producers," which repeatedly publish provably false content; and "manipulators," which regularly present unsubstantiated claims or that distort information to make an argument.

這個組織使用來自NewsGuard的評分,依據新聞網站遵循九項新聞守則的程度加以排名,將它們歸類為重複刊登可證實為誤之內容的「不實內容製造者」,以及例常提出缺乏根據的說法,或扭曲資訊以支持其論點的「操縱者」。

"We have these sites that masquerade as news outlets online. They're allowed to," said Karen Kornbluh, director of GMF Digital. "It's infecting our discourse, and it's affecting the long-term health of the democracy."

「這些網站假扮成網路新聞機構,它們被允許這麼做。」馬歇爾基金數位的執行長凱倫•康卜勒說。「這正在毒害我們的公共論述,以及民主政治的長期健康。」

Kornbluh said Facebook users engaged more with articles from all news outlets this year because the coronavirus pandemic forced people to quarantine indoors. But the growth rate of likes, shares and comments of content from manipulators and false content producers exceeded the interactions that people had with what the researchers called "legitimate journalistic outlets," such as Reuters, Associated Press and Bloomberg.

康卜勒說,臉書用戶今年更常接觸所有新聞機構的文章,因為新冠肺炎疫情迫使人們待在室內隔離。但是用戶給予操縱者和不實內容製造者所提供信息的讚、分享和留言的增加率,已超過用戶和研究人員所稱的「合法新聞機構」之互動程度,路透、美聯社和彭博資訊即屬後者。

說文解字看新聞【莊蕙嘉】

資訊愈發達,難以查證或以假亂真的「假新聞」也隨之增加。最常見也最白話的用字是fake news,本文則用了兩個不同的字來探討社群媒體假新聞亂象。

本文標題所出現的misinformation,字首mis意為「no」,泛稱非故意或不確定意圖的假新聞;這類新聞經查證為假消息後,會以hoax稱之。第一段的disinformation,字首dis意為「wrong」,特指刻意捏造與傳播的不實訊息,帶有deliberately to deceive的意圖。

因此,第一段談到四年前美國大選,俄國透過社群帳號刻意散播假新聞,用的字是disinformation。之後的文章談到傳播不實新聞的「現象」,則用misinformation。

 
訊息公告
 
Fritz-Kola銷量竟超越百事可樂?破解汽水品牌如何用「主場優勢」贏過強敵!
Fritz-Kola在強敵環伺的情況下,闖出自己的一片天?透過找出產品的特色與優勢,聚焦潛在客戶,自然能圈粉無數,攻佔市場。

《刻在你心底的名字》同志電影的新類型突破
《刻在你心底的名字》為這個困境做出非常成功的突破,把同志愛情電影拍的就像一般純愛片一樣甜美可口,打破同志電影和一般觀眾之間的一道牆。
 
本電子報著作權均屬「聯合線上公司」或授權「聯合線上公司」使用之合法權利人所有,
禁止未經授權轉載或節錄。若對電子報內容有任何疑問或要求轉載授權,請【
聯絡我們】。
  免費電子報 | 著作權聲明 | 隱私權聲明 | 聯絡我們

在飲料店點飲料


【柿子文化心靈養生報】提供健康、飲食、旅遊等各種人生體驗,讓你照顧自己的身體,也疼愛自己的心! 如果你是美食主義的信奉者,喜歡動手打理家中事物,並堅信生活值得用心去經營,歡迎加入【生活高手】行列!
★ 無法正常瀏覽內容,請按這裡線上閱讀
新聞  健康  u值媒  udn部落格  
2020/10/30 第537期  |  訂閱/退訂  |  看歷史報份  |  寂天閱讀網
 
【編輯小語】 複數s加在前面或後面?
【英語學習Plus】 在飲料店點飲料
【本月發燒書】 英文文法全書【二版】
【好康情報局】 ★西洋文學季★英語文學書展,經典系列,一次收藏↗
 
複數s加在前面或後面?

兩個婆婆的英文到底是 mother-in-laws 或 mothers-in-law ?複數s是加在前面或後面?

乍看之下兩種用法都很有道理,但像這種複雜的複合字,無論中間有沒有連字號(hyphen)連接,作複數時候,s都應加在中心字或者字根上面。

例如:
• fathers-in-law(公公、岳父)
• ladies-in-waiting(侍女、宮女)
• commanders-in-chief(統帥、總司令)
• sisters-in-law(嫂子、小姑、大姑)
• courts-martial(軍事法庭)
• mothers-in-law(婆婆)
• Does Princess Ming often read novels to her ladies-in-waiting?(敏公主常唸小說給她的侍女聽嗎?)
• President Lenore Gore and eight other commanders-in-chief want to avoid a war.(蕾諾兒•戈爾總統以及其他八個國家的總司令都想避免戰爭。)

────── 節錄寂天講堂「複數s加在前面或後面?」
 

在飲料店點飲料 Ordering a beverage at a drinks store

Tourist: So what different kinds of drinks do you have here?
Clerk: There's a menu up there that you can look at, but basically, there are teas, coffees, juices, and sodas.
Tourist: Wow, that's great! The coffee looks good, especially the hazelnut latte, but I think I should probably save that for another time. If I drink it now, I'll never sleep tonight.
Clerk: Why not have some tea? That shouldn't keep you awake.
Tourist: OK, I think I will. This one looks interesting, the passion fruit green tea.
Clerk: Good choice, that's my favorite drink, actually.
Tourist: Can I get some ice in that?
Clerk: Of course you can. Do you want a lot of ice or just a little?
Tourist: Just a little, I think.
Clerk: And how much sugar would you like?
Tourist: I don't understand.
Clerk: Well, you can have the full amount, half sugar, a little sugar, or no sugar.
Tourist: Um, half sugar, please.


遊客: 你們有哪些不同的飲料?
櫃臺: 上面有飲料單可以看,基本上有茶、咖啡、果汁和汽水。
遊客: 哇,太好了!咖啡看起來不錯,尤其是榛果拿鐵,不過我可能下次再喝,現在喝晚上會睡不著。
櫃臺: 那喝茶好嗎?喝茶應該不會睡不著。
遊客: 好,這種看起來好喝,百香果綠茶。
櫃臺: 選這個不錯喔,其實我也最愛喝這個。
遊客: 可以加些冰塊嗎?
櫃臺: 當然可以,您要加很多還是一點點?
遊客: 一點點就好。
櫃臺: 甜度呢?
遊客: 我不懂。
櫃臺: 您可以加全糖、半糖、少糖或無糖。
遊客: 嗯,請給我半糖。

──────選自《說英語Fun遊台灣(20K彩色+1MP3)》
 
英文文法全書【二版】 (20K彩色軟精裝)

新制多益聽力閱讀搶分訓練營套書(2書+1MP3) 

美國之音新聞英語聽力訓練【三版】(20K+MP3)

彩圖實境旅遊英語【彩圖三版】(32K+MP3)

 
 
 
寂天文化事業股份有限公司 版權所有 地址:106 台北市新生南路三段88號7樓之3
客服專線: (02) 2365-9739#17 ( 週一至週五 9:00 am ~ 6:00 pm 不含例假日 )
傳真專線: (02) 2365-9835 客服信箱:onlineservice@icosmos.com.tw
  免費電子報 | 著作權聲明 | 隱私權聲明 | 聯絡我們