2018年1月29日 星期一

The Museum of Failure 失敗為成功之母 ── 失敗博物館


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The Museum of Failure  失敗為成功之母 ── 失敗博物館
by Jamie Blackler

Visit the place that celebrates mistakes.
造訪這個歌頌錯誤的地方吧。

  

  Museums are places to celebrate excellence. They allow visitors to appreciate great works of art from the past. Sweden's Museum of Failure is a bit different, though. It _(1)_ some of the worst products that were ever created.
  The museum was founded by psychologist Samuel West. West started the museum because he thinks failure is an important part of life. Yet in modern society, people are _(2)_ with winning. West believes we can learn _(3)_ more from failure, which is why it is the focus of his museum.
  Most of the colossal failures
featured in West's museum were designed by major _(4)_. One of the most famous disasters is Sony's Betamax. This 1970s device played movies more clearly than its competition, but due to poor marketing no one bought it. Still, Sony kept manufacturing the device until 2002, losing lots of money in the _(5)_.
  Visitors will surely _(6)_ the idea behind Bic for Her. The company tried to _(7)_ female buyers by selling them pink pens. Colgate also
crashed and burned when it tried to start selling frozen dinners to its _(8)_ toothpaste customers. Visitors can also see a rare example of failure from Apple. Steve Jobs had a lot of amazing ideas, but the Newton PDA wasn't one of them. It didn't recognize users' _(9)_ very well and was too expensive. However, Jobs would _(10)_ this mistake and go on to create amazing devices like the iPad and iPhone. This proves that we shouldn't be embarrassed about our failures, as they might be the first step to creating something amazing.
(A) much (B) attract (C) displays (D) loyal (E) laugh at
(F) recover from (G) corporations (H) handwriting (I) process (J) obsessed

 

1. It displays some of the worst products that were ever created.
它展示一些曾經被發明出來的最糟產品。

理由:
a. 空格前有代名詞 It,空格後有名詞詞組 some of the worst products(一些最糟的產品),且根據時態,得知空格應置單數及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (C) displays(展示)及 (J) obsessed(使著迷),惟根據語意,(C) 項應為正選。
c. display vt. & n. 展示
: on display  展出中
= on exhibition
= on exhibit
The toys displayed in the window attracted the attention of every child that passed by.
櫥窗內展示的玩具吸引了每個路過小朋友的目光。
All the works of that famous sculptor are now on display at the museum.
那位知名雕刻家的所有作品正在博物館展出中。
*sculptor n. 雕刻家

2. Yet in modern society, people are obsessed with winning.
然而在現代社會中,人們迷戀成功。

理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
be obsessed with...  著迷於……
obsessed a. 著迷的,迷戀的
Dr. Johnson is obsessed with his crazy experiments.
強森博士沉迷於他的瘋狂實驗。
b. 根據上述用法,(J) 項應為正選。

3. West believes we can learn much more from failure, which is why it is the focus of his museum.
偉斯特相信我們可以從失敗中學到更多,這就是為何失敗是他博物館主題的原因。

理由:
a. 空格後有比較級副詞 more(更多),得知本題測試可用來修飾比較級形容詞或副詞的副詞,共計有下列六個:far, much, a lot, a great deal, still, even。
Wendy speaks English much more fluently than I do.
溫蒂英語說得比我要流利許多。
b. 根據上述用法,(A) 項應為正選。

4. Most of the colossal failures featured in West's museum were designed by major corporations.
偉斯特的博物館中主打的大多數重大失敗作品是由大型企業所設計。

理由:
a. 空格前有形容詞 major(大型的;主要的),得知空格應置名詞以被 major 修飾。
b. 選項中為名詞的尚有 (G) corporations(企業,公司)、(H) handwriting(筆跡;書寫)及 (I) process(過程),惟根據語意,(G) 項應為正選。
c. corporation n. 企業,公司
Wilson landed a job in a large American corporation.
威爾森在一間美國大公司謀得一職。
*land a job  謀得一份工作

5. Still, Sony kept manufacturing the device until 2002, losing lots of money in the process.
但索尼一直到 2002 年都持續生產這項裝置,在過程中虧損了很多錢。

理由:
a. 本題測試以下固定用法:
in the process  在過程中;同時
: in the process of...  在……過程中
My sister slipped in the bathroom and sprained her ankle in the process.
我姊姊在浴室裡滑倒,同時還扭傷了腳踝。
*sprain vt. 扭傷
Bill and Linda are in the process of getting a divorce.
比爾和琳達目前正在辦離婚手續。
b. 根據上述用法,(I) 項應為正選

6. Visitors will surely laugh at the idea behind Bic for Her.
參觀者絕對會嘲笑比克筆公司「為了她」系列商品背後的構想。

理由:
a. 空格前有助動詞 will 及副詞 surely(絕對),空格後有名詞詞組 the idea(這個構想),得知空格應置原形及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的有 (B) attract(吸引)、(E) laugh at(嘲笑……,取笑……)及 (F) recover from(從……恢復),惟根據語意,(E) 項應為正選。
c. laugh at...  嘲笑??,取笑??
: make fun of...
Don't wear that shirt unless you want people to laugh at you.
別穿那件襯衫,除非你想要大家取笑你。

7. The company tried to attract female buyers by selling them pink pens.
這間公司試圖透過販賣粉紅色原子筆給女性顧客來吸引她們。

理由:
a. 空格前有引導不定詞片語的 to,空格後有名詞詞組 female buyers(女性顧客),得知空格應置原形及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的尚有 (B) attract(吸引)及 (F) recover from(從……恢復),惟根據語意,(B) 項應為正選。
c. attract vt. 吸引
The unique houses in this little town attract a lot of tourists every year.
這座小鎮的獨特住宅每年都吸引了大批遊客。

8. Colgate also crashed and burned when it tried to start selling frozen dinners to its loyal toothpaste customers.
當高露潔試著開始販售冷凍晚餐給它忠實的牙膏顧客時也遭遇慘敗。

理由:
a. 空格前有所有格 its,空格後有名詞詞組 toothpaste customers(牙膏顧客),得知空格應置形容詞以修飾 toothpaste customers。
b. 選項中為形容詞的僅剩 (D) loyal(忠實的,忠誠的),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. loyal a. 忠實的,忠誠的
: be loyal to...  對……忠心/忠誠
Dogs are very loyal to their masters.
狗狗對牠們的主人非常忠心。

9. It didn't recognize users' handwriting very well and was too expensive.
它無法有效地辨認使用者的手寫筆跡而且太過昂貴。

理由:
a. 空格前有及物動詞 recognize(辨認)及所有格 users'(使用者的),得知空格應置名詞以被 users' 修飾並作 recognize 的受詞。
b. 選項中為名詞的僅剩 (H) handwriting(筆跡;書寫),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. handwriting n. 筆跡;書寫
Doris has very distinct handwriting.
桃莉絲的字跡非常特別。
*distinct a. 獨特的;清晰的

10. However, Jobs would recover from this mistake and go on to create amazing devices like the iPad and iPhone.
然而,賈伯斯克服了這項錯誤,並繼續創造出諸如 iPad 及 iPhone 等的驚人裝置。

理由:
a. 空格前有過去式助動詞 would,空格後有名詞詞組 this mistake(這項錯誤),得知空格應置原形及物動詞或片語動詞。
b. 選項中符合上述的僅剩 (F) recover from(從……恢復),置入後亦符合語意,故為正選。
c. recover from...  從……恢復/康復
recover vi. 恢復,復原
After recovering from his illness, Nick decided to take a vacation.
生病復原後,尼克決定去度個假。

psychologist n. 心理學家
: psychology n. 心理學
psychological a. 心理(學)的
modern a. 現代的
colossal a. 巨大的,龐大的
marketing n. 市場行銷

1. allow sb to V  允許某人(做)……
My father doesn't allow me to stay at my best friend's house overnight.
我爸爸不允許我在我最好的朋友家過夜。
*overnight adv. 通宵;整夜

2. due to...  因為/由於……
: because of...
= owing to...
The bus was delayed for 30 minutes due to the heavy traffic.
這班公車因為繁忙的交通而延誤了三十分鐘。

3. crash and burn  徹底失敗
Even a simple error may result in our plan crashing and burning, so we had better be careful.
即使是一個小失誤都會讓計畫徹底失敗,因此我們最好謹慎一點。

4. go on to V  接著從事??(另一件事)
比較go on V-ing  繼續從事……(同一件事)
After Rebecca finishes university, she'll go on to start working.
蕾貝卡大學畢業後接著就要開始工作了。
When I get back from the convenience store, I'll go on playing that video game.
我從便利商店回來後要繼續玩那款電玩遊戲。

1. failure n. 失敗(不可數);失敗的人或事物(可數)
Failure is the mother of success.
失敗為成功之母。── 諺語
The party Kevin held last night was a total failure.
凱文昨晚舉辦的派對糟透了。

2. celebrate vt. 頌揚,讚美
The painter celebrated life through his works.
這位畫家透過他的作品來讚頌生命。

3. excellence n. 卓越,優秀
The school is noted for its academic excellence.
這間學校因其卓越的學術表現而聞名。

4. appreciate vt. 欣賞;感激
The class was designed to help us appreciate the art of Yayoi Kusama.
這門課是設計來幫助我們欣賞草間彌生的藝術。

5. feature vt. 以……為主要內容/特色
The film features a strong cast and exotic locations.
這部電影主打堅強的卡司及充滿異國情調的拍攝地點。
*exotic a. 異國情調的

6. disaster n. 徹底的失敗;災難
: disastrous a. 災難(性)的
A series of disasters forced the firm into bankruptcy.
一連串慘重的失敗迫使該公司破產倒閉。
*bankruptcy n. 破產,倒閉
A lot of victims were torn up by the memory of the disastrous typhoon.
許多災民都因那場災情慘重的颱風回憶而飽受煎熬。

7. device n. 裝置;設施;儀器
: devise vt. 設計;發明
This device can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity for this building.
這個裝置能利用風力為這棟建築物提供電力。
*harness vt. 加以控制並利用(自然資源)
generate vt. 產生(電、熱、光等)
It is necessary that we devise a new system to improve our productivity.
我們有必要設計一個新系統以提升我們的生產力。
*productivity n. 生產力

8. competition n. 競爭對手(集合名詞,不可數);競爭(不可數);比賽(可數)
: be in competition with...  與……競爭
Our prices are always lower than those of the competition.
我們的價格總是比同行來得低。
Our company is in competition with three other companies that make similar products.
我們公司和其他三家生產類似產品的公司競爭。
The athlete has won a lot of trophies in various competitions.
這名運動員在各類競賽中贏得了許多獎杯。
*trophy n. 獎杯

9. manufacture vt. 生產,製造
Roger's father runs a company that manufactures car parts.
羅傑的父親經營一家製造汽車零件的公司。

10. recognize vt. 辨識,辨別
I recognized the house based on Edward's description.
我根據艾德華的描述認出那棟房子。
*description n. 描述,形容

 

失敗為成功之母 ── 失敗博物館
造訪這個歌頌錯誤的地方吧。

  博物館是頌揚卓越的地方。參觀者能在那裡欣賞過去留下的偉大藝術品。然而,瑞典的失敗博物館有一點不同。它展示一些曾經被發明出來的最糟產品。
  這座博物館是由心理學家山繆爾.偉斯特所創立。偉斯特認為失敗是生命中重要的一部分,因此成立了這座博物館。然而在現代社會中,人們迷戀成功。偉斯特相信我們可以從失敗中學到更多,這就是為何失敗是他博物館主題的原因。
  偉斯特的博物館中主打的大多數重大失敗作品是由大型企業所設計。其中一個最有名的災難就是索尼公司的 Betamax。這項七零年代的裝置能放映出比它的競爭對手還要清晰的電影,但由於差勁的市場行銷而乏人問津。但索尼一直到 2002 年都持續生產這項裝置,在過程中虧損了很多錢。
  參觀者絕對會嘲笑比克筆公司「為了她」系列商品背後的構想。這間公司試圖透過販賣粉紅色原子筆給女性顧客來吸引她們。當高露潔試著開始販售冷凍晚餐給它忠實的牙膏顧客時也遭遇慘敗。參觀者也能看到來自蘋果公司的罕見失敗例子。史提夫.賈伯斯擁有許多絕妙的點子,但牛頓個人數位助理絕非其中之一。它無法有效地辨認使用者的手寫筆跡而且太過昂貴。然而,賈伯斯克服了這項錯誤,並繼續創造出諸如 iPad 及 iPhone 等的驚人裝置。這證明了我們不該為失敗而感到難為情,因為它可能是創造出某些驚人事物的第一步。
答案:1. C 2. J 3. A 4. G 5. I 6. E 7. B 8. D 9. H 10. F

 

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