2018年1月8日 星期一

Battle of the Beasts–Man Vs Octopus 怪獸之戰 ── 人與章魚


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Battle of the Beasts–Man Vs Octopus  怪獸之戰 ── 人與章魚
by Evan Witkowski

Eight-legged octopuses have a vast range of defenses, but they are still hunted by humans.
八爪章魚有大量的防禦方法,但牠們仍被人類獵捕。

   The earliest adventurers on the seven seas returned home to trade stories of deadly monsters lurking in deep waters. Myths and legends about the Kraken or Leviathan are believed to be based on sightings of enormous creatures like the giant squid and the giant Pacific octopus, which can grow to be up to a hundred pounds with tentacles spanning 16 feet long. For National Geographic's Battle of the Beasts─Man Vs Octopus, we get to see who would win in a fight to the death between an average person and the giant cephalopods that are said to overturn entire ships and eat their victims alive.
  It might seem like a no-brainer, but the show takes a closer look at the intelligence, problem solving skills, adaptation, strength, and flexibility of the giant Pacific octopus. With real life footage, it shows how these skills would benefit or hinder the deep sea creature. One of their adaptive features is that octopuses can change their color, shape, and texture to match their surroundings. Among the invertebrates, octopuses are known to be the most intelligent, and they can live at depths of up to 6,000 feet below the surface of the ocean.
  One of the show's producers, Sue Houghton, is quoted as saying, "The show was initially inspired by the giant Pacific octopus wrestling competitions from the '50s and '60s. Divers would wrestle with these 'sea monsters' and try to pull them out of the ocean to weigh them, with the largest and heaviest awarded a prize. This doesn't happen today, but it made us wonder what other challenges might confront humans and octopuses." That's an interesting question, but we would rather have National Geographic explain it instead of finding out firsthand.

 

1. octopus n. 章魚(單數形)
: octopuses n. 章魚(複數形)
= octopi n.

2. defense n. 防禦,保衛;自我防衛
: defense mechanism  防禦機制
mechanism n.(身體的)機制
The actor put his defenses up while the reporters were asking him personal questions.
那位男演員被記者問到私人問題時便築起了防衛心。

3. lurk vi. 潛伏,潛藏,埋伏
None of us were aware that a sniper was lurking in the bushes.
我們沒人知道有個狙擊手正潛伏在樹叢裡。
*sniper n. 狙擊手

4. enormous a. 巨大的,龐大的
The earthquake left an enormous crack running down the middle of the road.
這場地震讓道路中央出現一道巨大的裂縫。
*crack n. 裂縫

5. span vt.(空間)橫跨;(時間)涵蓋
The US spans about 3,000 miles from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
美國從大西洋到太平洋橫跨約三千英里。
The nun's work with orphans spans over half a century.
這位修女對孤兒們付出心力超過半個世紀。

6. overturn vt. & vi.(使)翻覆
The rough water overturned their boat.
洶湧的波濤讓他們的船隻翻覆了。
*rough a.(海象、天氣等)狂暴的
The car overturned after skidding.
那部車打滑後翻覆。
*skid vi. 滑行

7. victim n. 受害者
: fall victim to...  成為……的受害者
= fall prey to...
Many people fell victim to the Ebola virus, and yet their families could do nothing about it.
許多人成為伊波拉病毒的受害者,而他們的家人也無能為力。

8. no-brainer n. 簡單的問題,不用動腦筋的事

9. intelligence n. 智力,聰明
: intelligent a. 聰明的;有才智的
Angelina is known for her intelligence.
安潔莉娜以其聰明才智為人所知。
Ben is a highly intelligent child, so it's hard to fool him.
阿班是個非常聰明的小孩,因此要騙他並不容易。

10. adaptation n. 適應(與介詞 to 並用);改編(與介詞 of 並用)
: adapt vt. 使適應;改編
adapt oneself to N/V-ing  適應……
This lizard's brown skin is an adaptation to the desert.
這種蜥蜴的棕色皮膚是為了適應沙漠。
*lizard n. 蜥蜴
The director is working on a film adaptation of this short novel.
導演正在拍攝這部短篇小說改編的電影。
When you go to a new country, you have to adapt yourself to its customs.
當你到一個新的國家時,你必須適應它的風俗習慣。
*custom n. 風俗,習俗

11. footage n. 影片(片段)

12. hinder vt. 妨礙
The situation hindered our pace and caused a lot of trouble.
這種狀況妨礙了我們的進度,也造成許多麻煩。

13. surface n. 表面

14. wrestling n. 摔角
: wrestle vi.(與……)摔角
wrestle with...  與……摔角
Sumo wrestling is said to be the national sport of Japan.
相撲據說是日本的國家運動。
The two boys wrestled with each other.
這兩名男孩扭打在一起。

15. award vt. 授與,頒發
: be awarded sth  獲頒某物
Terry was awarded first prize in the essay competition.
泰瑞在作文比賽中獲頒第一名。

16. confront vt. 面臨,遭遇
: be confronted with...  面臨……,遭遇……
We were confronted with many problems before the project was completed.
在這件企劃完成前,我們遭遇許多困難。

17. firsthand adv. 直接地,第一手地 & a. 第一手的
I heard it firsthand from Betty that she is quitting.
我從貝蒂那裡聽到第一手消息說她要辭職了。
I have some firsthand news I want to tell you about.
我有些第一手的消息想告訴你。

squid n. 烏賊;魷魚
tentacle n. 觸手;觸角
cephalopod n. 頭足類動物
flexibility n. 靈活性
adaptive a. 有適應能力的
texture n. 質地;觸感
invertebrate n. 無脊椎動物
: vertebrate n. 脊椎動物

1. be believed to V  一般相信/被認為……
Acidic foods are believed to cause stomach cancer.
酸性食物被認為會導致胃癌。
*acidic a. 酸性的

2. be based on...  以……為根據/基礎
The story is based on real events in the author's life.
這個故事是根據作者生活中發生的真實事件所撰寫。

3. up to...   多達……(之後接數字)
: add up to...  總計達……
= amount to...
On average, apples from that orchard can weigh up to one kilogram.
那個果園的蘋果平均可重達一公斤。
*orchard n. 果園
Our total purchases this morning added up to NT$2,000.
我們今早購買的東西總計達新臺幣兩千元。

4. be said to V  據說……
: be reputed to V
Vicky is said to have more than 1,000 pairs of high heels in her collection.
據說薇琪收藏了一千多雙高跟鞋。
*collection n. 收藏(品)

怪獸之戰 ── 人與章魚
八爪章魚有大量的防禦方法,但牠們仍被人類獵捕。

    七大洋中最早的冒險家回到家鄉交換潛伏於深海的致命怪物的故事。一般相信,有關挪威海怪或利維坦的神話和傳說是以目睹像是巨型烏賊和太平洋巨型章魚的巨大生物為依據,這些生物可以長到一百磅重,觸手伸長可達十六英尺。在國家地理的《怪獸之戰 ── 人與章魚》節目中,我們會看到在普通人與據說會弄沉整艘船並生吞受害者的巨型頭足類動物(編按:頭足類動物在分類上屬於軟體動物門的頭足綱;牠們全為海生,肉食性,身體兩側對稱,分頭、足、軀幹三部分。)間的生死戰中誰會勝出。
  這似乎是簡單的問題,但該節目深入研究太平洋巨型章魚的智力、問題解決技巧、適應力、力氣及靈活性。透過實境鏡頭,這種深海生物的這些技能如何有利於牠們或對牠們造成阻礙將被呈現出來。章魚的其中一項適應特性是牠們可以變換體色、形狀與質地以配合周圍環境。在無脊椎動物中,章魚是已知最聰明的,且牠們可以生活在海平面下達六千英尺的深處。
  節目的其中一位製作人蘇.胡頓被引述道:「這個節目最初是從五十年代和六十年代的太平洋巨型章魚摔角比賽中獲得啟發。潛水員會和這些『海怪』搏鬥,並試圖將牠們從海裡拉出來秤重,抓到最大、最重的有獎品。在今天不會發生這種事,但這讓我們想知道人類和章魚間還會面臨什麼其他的挑戰。」那是個有趣的問題,但我們寧可讓國家地理來說明,別自己親自去找答案。

 

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